1 Heat pumps
Heat pumps gather the energy from the air, the ground or water that originated as heat radiation in the sun or the earth’s core. Heat pumps produce heat energy with the help of electricity, heat exchangers, compressors and coolants. Depending on the technology, they can produce 2–4 times the amount of energy as they require from the electricity they use.
In terms of purchase price, a geothermal pump is usually the most expensive type of heat pump, although its heat coefficient remains high even in very low temperatures. Exhaust-air and air-water heat pumps can be beneficial when the investment cost of a geothermal heating are too high or the location of the property is not suitable for drilling the necessary energy wells.
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2 Automation
Automation is the brains of the technology system in the property. With the help of smart automation we can achieve the optimal balance between the desired conditions and energy use. Correctly programmed and controlled automation maintains good conditions at 10–15 percent lower costs than the average system, taking into consideration any change in the weather and use of the property.
The average standard of automation in Finnish properties is mediocre. The automation systems in use are old or there is no automation at all. In this case, the building is controlled with a primitive unit regulator. The opportunities for analysing data, automating commands or remote control are lacking.
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3 Ventilation
In thousands of large Finnish properties, the original ventilation machines and fans are still being used and are being controlled by primitive systems. An exhaust-air heat recovery unit is missing from many buildings.
As part of the modernisation project in an energy overhaul, the complete air distribution network of the property is assessed: the requirements of different spaces and the amount of air needed. Next, the inefficient machines are replaced with new equipment and a heat recovery system is built and the ventilation control is refined with the help of sensors. These sensors monitor the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide levels in the spaces.
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